Foreword
Introduction
Scope
Normative References
Terms and Definitions
Staff Training and Competence
General Aspects
Training
General
Training for quantitative assessments
Training for qualitative assessments
Training for pH assessment
Maintenance of Competence
Semen Characteristics, Sampling and Pre-Examination Handling
General Characteristics
Physical and Chemical Characteristics
Sample Collection and Initial Handling
Subject Information and Data Collection
Information to be Provided to Subjects
Data Collection from the Subject
Initial Sample Handling
Sperm Toxicity Testing
Examinations
Required Equipment
In-house Prepared Reagents
Assessments
Initiation of Assessments
Macroscopic Assessment
Direct Microscopy of the Wet Preparation
Sperm Motility Assessment
Sperm Concentration Assessment
Assessment of Absence of Spermatozoa
Sperm Vitality Assessment
Sperm Morphology Evaluation
Post-Examination Handling and Test Report
General
Results Calculations and Presentation
Total Amount in the Ejaculate
Other Calculations
Presentation of Results
General
Contents of the Semen Examination Report
Practical Aspects of Quality Assurance
Internal Quality Control
Intralaboratory Comparisons
Interlaboratory Comparisons
The statistical basis for determination of absence of spermatozoa (informative)
High power field (informative)
Motility assessment training (informative)
Diluent for sperm concentration assessment (informative)
Estimation of suitable dilution for the assessment of sperm concentration (informative)
Comparison of concordance between two replicate assessments that report percentages (informative)
Comparison of concordance between two replicate counts of sperm concentration (informative)
Sperm vitality assessment (informative)
Sperm morphology assessment (informative)
Bibliography