DIN EN IEC 60404-8-1:2024-05

This part of IEC 60404 specifies minimum values for the principal magnetic properties of, and dimensional tolerances for, technically important permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials. Permanent magnet materials, also designated as hard magnetic materials, are classified according to IEC 60404-1:2016 as Class R (hard magnetic alloys), Class S (hard magnetic oxide ceramic materials), and Class U (bonded hard magnetic materials). Permanent magnet materials have a coercivity of magnetic polarization greater than 1 kA/m. After magnetization to saturation, they deliver a material-dependent specific magnetic energy that can be used technically in magnet circuits subjected to static or dynamic loads. This document includes the recently developed hot-formed REFeB magnets, anisotropic bonded HDDR-REFeB magnets, and high-energy Ca-La-Co ferrites, which have become established in the application of permanent magnets. New and high-performance materials for REFeB and sintered RE₂Co₁₇ magnets as well as isotropic and anisotropic bonded REFeN magnets have been added to each table with new codes. This document covers requirements for the magnetic properties and permissible dimensional deviations of hard magnetic materials (permanent magnets). The values for the density of the materials and the ranges of their chemical compositions listed in this part of IEC 60404 are for information only. For information and comparison purposes, some physical data and mechanical reference values for the magnetic materials are also given in Table A.1. The standard differs from DIN EN 60404-8-1 (VDE 0354-8-1):2016-02 as follows: a) recently developed anisotropic REFeB hot deformed magnets and anisotropic HDDR REFeB bonded magnets are included; b) high energy Ca-La-Co ferrites stabilized by La and Co substitution are included; c) new and high-performance grades of REFeB and RE₂Co₁₇ sintered magnets and isotropic REFeN bonded magnets are added. Permanent magnet materials are used almost everywhere in everyday life. They are used for coupling, modulation or control functions in equipment and devices based on electromagnetic principles, for example in measuring instruments, motors, generators and loudspeakers. Magnetic materials are indispensable in office equipment and computer hardware, automobiles including traction motors for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and electric vehicles (EV), consumer electronics, communications technology, household appliances, and medical devices, as well as in mechanical engineering for holding magnets, clamping plates, and so on. Further possible and typical applications of commercially available permanent magnet materials are described in more detail in IEC 60404-1, 5.2 (Class R), 5.3 (Class S) and 5.5 (Class U). Almost all of the materials added in the fourth edition of IEC 60404-8-1 are used in various motors to save energy and help combat global warming.